Economic Analysis of Australian Tourism-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Reforms in Tourism Industry Australia. Answer: Introduction: National geographic location of Australia and significantly unique wildlife make it attractive destination for national as well international visitors. This has consolidated the emergence and growth of tourism industry in Australian economy. The industry contributes 3% to the Australian national GDP and 73% to the total GDP derived from tourism directly. The industry is source of employment to 580,000 Australian populations capturing almost 5% of the total workforce as per the data of 2014-15. It also provides part time employment to 43% of the employed people (Amelung and Nicholls 2014). The nation records arrival of 7.4 million visitors annually. Tourism industry makes contribution of 8% in the total national export earnings. The article by Ann Sherry published in the Daily Telegraph, 2015 explained elaborately the situation tourism industry facing in the country. The report highlighted how this industry surpassed the resource sector and turned into biggest sector contributing to national growth and that further necessitates channelization of resources, ideas and best policies to materialize the untapped potential of the industry (Sherry 2015). These facts rightly shape the importance of the industry in national economic growth. The paper aims to present the trend in the industry, analyze its impact on national economic health and justify the reforms adopted with making proper explanation of the recommendations and suggestions. Economic Analysis of Australian Tourism Industry: Trends: The recent increasing business in tourism industry reflects its immunity from the national economic challenges as well as natural disasters. There has been a rising trend in the consumption pattern increased by more than 4.5% owing to large number of overseas visitors coming into the nation. The strong Australian dollar led to less departure by the resident and more domestic consumption in the industry increased by almost 9.7% though the pace of domestic consumption growth is half the pace that of the international visitors by the end of 2010-11 (Amelung and Nicholls 2014). As per the released statement of government that reveals the potential of tourism industry to be achieved by 2020 the industry is expected to grow remarkably and reach a worth up to $270 billion by 2030. The emergence of Chinese market that acts as biggest contributor to Australia tourism and the emerging local markets as well would make the industry grow conspicuously. Chinese population tops the chat of frequent and highest number of visitors who are expected to spend even higher. Data reveals from 2006 the growth in Chinese visitors has doubled reaching 626,400 people by the end of 2012. Australias fastest growing market for destination for tourism is China as per the published daily report in 2013. Among the states and territories of Australia, NSW has huge potential of capturing higher visitors and nurtures the gross state product by contributing almost $15 billion to it. The growing trend and important contribution of the sector has evoked interest in the national government to utilize the resources and channelize in this sector. This has initiated the reform policy authority to expand and include more states and cities like Sydney under the Potential Tourism plan Economic analysis: The tourism industry of Australia has recorded enormous growth and development just within last two decades. The number of international tourist in 1992 has been 2.4 billion which grew almost triple in 2012 reaching 7.4 million (Seetaram 2012). There have been significant changes in the structure and composition of the industry. It has encountered extended market in Asia especially in India and China which happens to be the source of highest spending visitors. Increasing tourism consolidates the international ties among these countries as well. Stricter and revised economic and political policies of developed nations like UK, Japan and USA there has been significant fall in the tourists and visitors as well making the country loose global market share of Australian international tourism by 0.6% in 2013 (Austrade.gov.au 2017). Figure 1: Number of arrivals of international tourists in Australia (1999 - 2015) (Source: World Bank, 2017) The data reveals the regional places of the country has experienced increased visits even though the changed source countries of tourists lead to decreased proportion of global tourism events in the regional places. Between 2006 and 2014, there has been 5% fall in expenditure as well as 20% fall in the number of the international tourists coming to these regional destinations (Seetaram 2012). From the theory of demand and supply this trend can be justified. The trend of demand is falling on the face of strong Australian dollar and national policies of source countries along with their political factors determine the decreasing demand. Policies, schemes promoting, and encouraging tourism can boost the demand of the sector and this requires supply to be increased in terms of quality and facilities provided by the industry as a whole. Moreover the increasing globalization rate propelled the tourism in the nation as migration to Australia increases. Greater tourism prospects carry scope and opportunity of employment for the national people. This explains the growth of the industry as well as the national GDP and state gross products having higher implication on economic prosperity. Recommendations Irrespective of the current situation of development in tourism industry of Australia , there has been requirement of brining reform to the sector in order to promote more growth tapping the underlying potential. The notable reform in this growing industry has been drafted by the department of tourism collaborating with Government of Australia in form of launching Tourism 2020 plan. The plan had a vision of making the overnight spending of visitors to be double. The plan has been launched to overcome the challenging element operative within the industry by eliminating and replacing them with more opportunities. If followed the strategic movement. The industry has potential to reach $280 billion in 2020 from the $140 billion in 2015 (Tourism.australia.com, 2017). Following changes and actions in terms of policies can help the government materialize the target set by the department to flourish the industrial performance. Planning and investing are essential to channelize high impact techniques of market. Implementation of innovative ideas requires investment and planning too. Increasing the capacity of retaining the visitors by increasing availability of quality rooms of international standard. Improving the access and flexibility of the services provided by the integrated system Increasing the capacity of aviation is important change. Where domestic capacity can be increased up to 30% from 21%, the international aviation capacity can reach 55% from the present 38%. This indicates addition of 1.8 million in-bound seats and also 120 flights of A381 should be introduced. Improving and hastening the Visa services are important factor to be taken care of by Government Introducing Visitors Opal card for the international visitors by the department of tourism in order to make the local travelling easier Employing additional 149,000 people by the end of 2020 to serve the increased demand Developing the skills of the workforce through vocational training. Implementation of effective infrastructure that must integrate national and state tourism agenda. Ensuring private investment is necessary for this. Identification of opportunities and efficiencies can increase the partnership of the industry. This actually extends the market activities and makes the national tourism attractive for the international visitor References: Amelung, B. and Nicholls, S., 2014. Implications of climate change for tourism in Australia.Tourism Management,41, pp.228-244. Dwyer, L., Forsyth, P., Spurr, R. and Hoque, S., 2013. Economic impacts of a carbon tax on the Australian tourism industry.Journal of Travel Research,52(2), pp.143-155. Goodall, B. and Ashworth, G. eds., 2013.Marketing in the Tourism Industry (RLE Tourism): The Promotion of Destination Regions. Routledge. Ruhanen, L.M., Mclennan, C.L.J. and Moyle, B.D., 2013. Strategic issues in the Australian tourism industry: A 10-year analysis of national strategies and plans.Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,18(3), pp.220-240. Seetaram, N., 2012. Immigration and international inbound tourism: Empirical evidence from Australia.Tourism Management,33(6), pp.1535-1543. Sherry, A. (2015).Australia needs to think big about tourism.Dailytelegraph.com.au. Retrieved 3 September 2017, from https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/australias-tourism-industry-needs-innovation-and-big-ideas-to-continue-to-grow/news-story/53078ef6405ad0c433612722c6fdbde7 Techera, E.J. and Klein, N., 2013. The role of law in shark-based eco-tourism: lessons from Australia.Marine Policy,39, pp.21-28. World Bank. 2017.TCdata360: International tourism, number of arrivals.TCdata360. Retrieved 4 September 2017, from https://tcdata360.worldbank.org/indicators/ST.INT.ARVL?country=BRAindicator=1841viz=line_chartyears=1995,2015#

Western progress Collide Essay Example For Students

Western progress Collide Essay In this short story by Attia Hosain, tradition clashes with western progress and culture. The story starts with a Muslim couple going out for a dinner party at a friends home. Straight away the wife, who is more cultural than her husband, seems to stand out, act different. We must take in consideration that this could be her first social party with others and is very self-conscious about how she looks and acts. She sat on the edge of the big chair, her shoulders drooping, nervously pulling her sari over hear head This sentence show us her body language and how she very anxious and shy. We will write a custom essay on Western progress Collide specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The chair is described as big because Hosain wanted to make a comparison in size and make the Muslim wife seem smaller and irrelevant to some extent. The words: drooping and nervously show again how on the edge she is. The first image of an accident we come to is her view of the other lady(ies) and how they have dressed themselves up. The women held a wineglass in one hand and a cigarette in the other. She wondered how it felt The women had long nails, pointed and scarlet. She looked at her own unpainted and carefully short- wondering how anyone could eat, work, wash with those claws dipped in blood. This is her description and comparison of the other women around her. This also shows how she feels of the other women her husband is socializing with. There is another clash in the culture when she again compares herself with the jewelry on some of the other women. To her this is a gathering and people are to be dressed with jewelry to show and to be admired, but instead she notices the others bare wrists, like a widows. Comments were passed around about the women and she pleaded to be unnoticed and unobserved. When new guests arrived she was unsure if she was stand up of stay sitting during the introductions, but then her husband came to answer the problem with a hand on the shoulder, which was a sign to stay seated. Later on she realizes that how her clothes were not as simple as the others and were from a custom, but even if they were no one took notice. no one seemed to care for customs, or even know them Dress can separate people easily, but this is not the case, it is already been decided that she was different and her culture was unknown and unheard of. Her husband on the other side had turned into one of them after all the drinking, smoking and sins he had committed. The young lady was known as His wife and not by name, but to the reader we are just as not knowing as the people at the party. When it came to eating she decided to stay sitting, but was worried that the other guest would notice and find it rude or offensive. Later on a little girl came up to her and offered her some food and commented on the olives on the dish. The Muslim woman was unsure of what olives were but tried them. To her disgust she found them horrible. Food and cultures go together and are all different. The olives, from the western culture were rarely seen let alone tasted in her Muslim culture. There is a recurring image of the clothes and how skin should be covered and not to be seen in her view and culture. This deeply angers her once again. A few couples began to dance She felt a sick horror at the way the men held the women, at the closeness of their bodies I feel most action relating with lust or sexual actions are in discretion in her culture and now she feels that her husband has betrayed her and her culture.

Sample Essay on Operant Conditioning in Your Career

Sample Essay on Operant Conditioning in Your CareerFinding a sample essay on operant conditioning in your career can be hard. There are so many different reasons why an employer might ask you to write this type of essay. And it can be tricky to find one that will fit your personality and meet the expectations of the company where you are going to be writing it.One way to write it is to look at a piece that a writer who has expertise in this particular type of writing. Someone who has been in your shoes may know what your personality and needs are. They may have written similar pieces before. The only thing you will need to do is to read them, and think about what you want to say in your piece.Another way to find a sample essay on operant conditioning in your career is to just go to a library and do a general search for literature on the topic. Find out what topics are in demand, and see if you can find something that you like. Find an academic reference or a journal article that disc usses a topic that interests you.There are many different ways to determine what kind of essay you are writing. A sampling of the different samples you can find by doing a general search can help you. You may not even need a sample essay on operant conditioning in your career, but you may find some helpful pointers on the topics that interest you.Some people might not necessarily write opinions pieces, but they may enjoy writing about things they know a lot about. These types of essays might be called assessments, or tasks that are necessary for employees. This is often a lot easier to write than writing an opinion piece. You might also be able to get some help in getting this type of essay written, and help you develop your skills in certain areas.Sometimes, the company that hires you wants you to write a more technical piece, but they don't really need you to specialize in that area. They might be looking for something that has a general topic, and they just want to get someone wh o is knowledgeable on the topic to write it. Then you can get into more detail on the topic.Other times you may find yourself needing to learn something about how to write this type of essay. So instead of just trying to find the right essay on operant conditioning in your career, start with your own expertise. Look at what you have learned about the subject, and see if you can put it together in a piece that someone else can read. That will help you, and you won't need to worry about becoming too specialized in your own area.No matter what you end up wanting to write for the company, there are places you can turn to for advice on how to write that type of essay. Make sure you take the time to find a person who has expertise in the topic you are working on. You can get an expert who can tell you if you are on the right track with your sample essay on operant conditioning in your career.

IR - Midterm Essays - Production Economics, Business Law

IR - Midterm Essays - Production Economics, Business Law The ongoing negotiations between The Ontario Public School Boards Association (OPSBA), the government and the Elementary Teachers Federation of Ontario (ETFO) have once again broken down. While most of the issues having tentatively been resolved the main sticking point are sick leave and benefits. Craig presented the input-output model of industrial relations system in the late 1960s. In his model, the actors and the context are similar to those of Dunlops model. The main component of Craigs model are: (a) the inputs or the goals, and the values and power of the actors; (b) mechanism for the conversion of inputs into outputs; (c) the outputs of the system are the financial, psychological and social rewards for the workers. The output is in the form of the rules, which govern matters such as pay, working conditions, and hours of work. One of the major objectives of theorising industrial relations is to help the practitioners to understand what is taking place and causes for the same. Industrial relations theory might be useful to practitioners if it could help them in three respects: first, to understand the present industrial relations situation; second, to forecast trends and to predict what will happen under specific given conditions; and third, to help the practitioners to bring about certain desired changes and to avoid certain other changes in the present or in the future state of industrial relations. One of the most difficult attempts in industrial relations is to build up a theory and to generalise on its activity, which is highly dynamic. A host of factors, both internal and external, and conflict generating as well as conflict resolving factors, influence the shape of industrial relations activity. The industrial relations system in an organisation works in the context of pressures, tensions and conflicts, and is mainly related to power politics, economic, cultural and other differences. An inter-mix of such dynamic factors, and key institutional variables, is necessary in theorising industrial relations. - See more at: http://ilrexpert.blogspot.ca/2009/03/approaches-to-study-of-industrial.html#sthash.lsDhrDrB.dpuf

The relationship between democracy and performance Essay

The relationship between democracy and performance - Essay Example To some governments, democracy helps improve performance, allowing for the free exchange of commerce and greater transparency in the administrative processes. However, for others, there is a strong belief that other forms of government would be better options in securing improved performance. This paper shall now discuss the relationship between relationship and performance using concepts relating to economic performance, political stability, and other elements of governance. Body A realistic assessment of the workings of democracy indicates that the impact of civil liberties in a country is significant in relation to the performance of a government and its investment activities (Pritchett and Kaufmann, 1998). Such finding supports the idea that the extent to which citizen are able to express their opinions in the public sphere has a crucial impact on how accountability would apply in relation to government and its efficacy. To some analysts, there is no clear association between the elements of electoral governance or democracy and the performance of government activities (Isham, 1996).... Indicators for success in projects include the economic rate of return which is based on the accomplishment of the project, and the rating on whether the project was able to fulfil its project goals. Data on success of bank-supported activities are considered determinants of borrower countries and their efficacy (Isham, 1996). This is because the projects supported by the World Bank are carried out by the borrowing country and its government which then implements the project. As such, there may sometimes be comparisons on ex post success in relation to how well governments undertake projects they opt for, rather than evaluating what projects they actually select. Data on bank-supported projects also provide a specific classification on project success based on comparative elements for different countries (Pritchett and Kaufmann, 1998). Most countries do not often assess their own projects, and most of them do not allow their own assessments to be evaluated based on the determinations made by other countries. Although there may be inaccuracy in terms of project evaluation, the evaluations gained are generally reliable elements in indicating success or failure. As the World Bank is a global institution with specific rules and consistent policies which all apply to borrowers, it is not likely for differences between countries in relation to Bank-supported activities to be primarily the result of inconsistent decisions from the WB (Pritchett and Kaufmann, 1998). The measures of democracy in this essay focused on different cross-national determinants. One of these determinants is based on rankings made by Freedom House where the firm ranks countries yearly using a checklist which includes the lack of media censorship, open discussions in public,

Modern Political Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Modern Political Theory - Essay Example The understanding of natural law is that it necessarily distinguishes between laws of nature and those that have been artificially created by society, with the latter referring to the positive law. Locke understood that one of the main differentiating features between these is that natural law exists throughout all cultures, while a positive law is experienced only through specific social or governmental designations (Dunn). Another prominent consideration Locke made in regards to natural law was in relation to theological elements. Locke distinguished between religious law and natural law, as natural law is the law that emerges solely through the process of human reason and rationality. One recognizes that whereas natural law reveals itself to the individual through rationality, the religious law implies a divine revelation as the primary substantiation. For instance, while there are elements of the Ten Commandments that are recognized elements of the natural law, there are also ele ments that are not applicable to all humanity. In these regards, Locke’s understanding of natural law in relation to theology was the recognition that while there may be a divine entity that establishes laws that overlap with natural law, they are only considered natural law if they can be determined through human reason (Forde). Notably, Locke believed that when the Bible or religious principles went beyond or conflicted with the natural law they were improperly formulated; as such, Locke chose to interpret the Bible in accord with natural law. To a large extent, Locke’s perspective on natural law in relation to religious law is formulated within the voluntarism and intellectualism debate. While Locke highly emphasizes the importance of rational understanding to the establishment of natural law, he also makes a number of prominent statements that seemingly supports theological perspectives on social obligations. For instance, in the Essay Concerning Human Understandin g Locke argues that laws need have an individual lawgiver. In the Essays on the Law of Nature, Locke argues that individuals have an obligation to abide by their creator (Forde). It seems that for Locke the question of natural law then becomes a voluntarist in regards to the reasons humans should follow natural law, but remains highly rationalistic in the means by which a perspective establishes what constitutes natural law. One must also consider Locke’s understanding of natural law as to whether he believed the predominant elements were rights or duties the individual must follow. It seems to a great degree most theorists believe that Locke’s notion of natural law is that it generally refers to aspects of human rights. In these regards, Locke is believed to have adopted a view of human nature that as motivated by hedonistic impulses. As humans are predominantly motivated by such self-interest the natural need for human self-preservation supersedes any types of duties by which humans might be restricted. Still, other theorists believe that Locke was also concerned with natural law as prescribing moral duties to humanity. To a degree, such a different appear semantic. Consider that argued that some of the core elements of the natural law were life, liberty, and property.

Geography Rivers Essay Example for Free

Geography Rivers Essay 1. The speed and volume of a river varies from place to place along a rivers course because of many reasons. In the upper course, the volume of water is low as there are few tributaries. In comparison, the volume of water in the middle course is higher as there are more tributaries supplying water to the main river channel. The volume of water in the lower course is the highest as the lower course has the most tributaries. However, many other factors will also affect the volume of water in the river. More permeable rocks will result in less surface runoff, thus a lower volume of water. Less permeable rocks will then have more surface runoff, thus a higher volume of water. Vegetation on land such as trees and plants also affects the volume of water, as vegetation intercepts rain. The upper course usually has more vegetation, while the lower courses have less vegetation intercepting precipitation. Sparse vegetation results in less water infiltrating the ground, thus there will be more surface runoff, resulting in a larger volume of water. The climate of the particular area will affect the volume of water in a river too. The volume of water varies for wet and dry seasons as the amount of rainfall changes. Generally, in hot and wet equatorial or tropical area, there is a higher volume of water as compared to dry areas such as deserts. Lastly, the size of the drainage basin will affect the volume of a river. The bigger the size of land area drained by the main river and its tributaries, the higher the volume of water as there is more collection of rainwater compared to a smaller drainage basin which has less surface area for rain to fall on. The speed of the river, is affected by the gradient of the river. In the upper course, the gradient of the river is steep, thus the water is fast-flowing. In the middle and lower courses, the gradient is gentler, thus the water flows more slowly. The roughness of the river channel also affects the speed of the water in a river. Generally, the upper course has a rougher river channel while the middle and lower courses have a smoother river channel. When the river bed is uneven and has a large number of obstacles such as rocks, boulders and plants, there is more friction, causing the water to flow more slowly. The wetted perimeter of the river affects the speed of the water too. The wetted perimeter of the water is the size of the river channel in contact with the water. The upper course has usually a smaller wetted perimeter while the middle course has a larger wetted perimeter. The lower course has the largest wetted perimeter. A larger wetted perimeter decreases the speed of the water due to the friction generated as with more of the river channel being in contact with the rivers water. 2.a) Transport process A is suspension. Suspension occurs when small particles such as silt or clay-sized particles are carried within the water by turbulent flow. Transport process B is traction, and occurs when large boulders or rocks rolled along the river bed. Transport process C is saltation, where small pebbles and stones are bounced or hopped along the river bed. b) Solution is not shown in the figure. Solution is a river transport process in which minerals are dissolved in the water and carried in solution. As the minerals are dissolved in the water and thus invisible to the naked eye, it then cannot be shown in the figure. 3.a) There are 4 main processes of river erosion, including hydraulic action, corrasion, attrition and solution. Hydraulic action is the removing and dislodging of rocks from the bed and banks of the river by the sheer force of the running water. Corrasion, or abrasion, is the grinding of rock fragments carried by the river against the bed and banks of the river. This action both widens and deepens the river channel. Attrition is the knocking of rock fragments in the water against one another. In the process, the rocks become smaller and rounder as the sharp edges are grounded. Through time, rocks become grain sized silt, clay and other sediments. Solution is the process by which river water reacts chemically with soluble minerals in the rocks and dissolves them. For example, when a river stream flows over an area of limestone, it erodes the limestone by reacting chemically with it and dissolves it.